Follistatin 344 vs GHRP-2

Binds and neutralizes myostatin (GDF-8) and activin; removes the natural brake on muscle growth allowing supraphysiological hypertrophy

Follistatin-344 is the predominant endogenous isoform of follistatin, a glycoprotein that binds and neutralizes the TGF-β superfamily members activin A and myostatin, preventing their engagement with skeletal muscle ActRII receptors and thereby relieving their inhibitory effects on muscle protein synthesis and satellite cell activation. By sequestering both myostatin and activin A simultaneously, follistatin-344 neutralizes two complementary negative regulators of muscle growth through a dual-pathway mechanism, a property that distinguishes it from agents that target only the myostatin pathway. Transgenic expression of human follistatin-344 has produced significant skeletal muscle mass increases in animal models, and a phase 1/2a gene therapy trial delivering the follistatin-344 gene via AAV to patients with Becker muscular dystrophy established initial proof of concept and safety data in a human clinical context. Follistatin-344 has not received FDA approval for any indication; exogenous administration as a recombinant protein or peptide is investigational and no human safety data exists for this route of administration outside gene therapy trial contexts. Follistatin-344 as a research compound: recombinant follistatin-344 protein is available through research biochemical suppliers as a laboratory reagent, used in cell culture and animal models to probe myostatin and activin A biology. Interest in exogenous follistatin-344 administration in performance contexts has grown from the animal model hypertrophy data; however, the protein's large molecular weight (~35 kDa glycoprotein) creates significant bioavailability challenges for subcutaneous or intramuscular routes, and no human pharmacokinetic data supports assumed tissue distribution from injection. This distinguishes it from smaller peptide-based myostatin modulators. Follistatin-344 vs myostatin propeptide: both target myostatin inhibition but through different binding mechanisms. Follistatin-344 binds activin A in addition to myostatin, providing a broader TGF-β inhibition profile. Myostatin propeptide is the endogenous inhibitory domain of the myostatin precursor protein — it is myostatin-specific but structurally derived from the same protein rather than from a binding antagonist class. Both compounds remain at the research stage for performance applications with no approved human use. Providers offering research peptides in the performance and muscle recovery category are listed in the PeptideBase directory.

Synthetic hexapeptide that stimulates pulsatile growth hormone release from the anterior pituitary by acting on the ghrelin receptor (GHSR-1a). Commonly stacked with GHRH analogs such as CJC-1295 or Sermorelin to amplify GH output synergistically.

GHRP-2 (growth hormone-releasing peptide-2; pralmorelin; KP-102) is a synthetic hexapeptide (D-Ala-D-2Nal-Ala-Trp-D-Phe-Lys-NH2) and potent ghrelin receptor (GHS-R1a) agonist developed as a GH secretagogue with established efficacy in stimulating pulsatile GH release from pituitary somatotrophs, characterized by potent GH stimulation alongside non-selective co-stimulation of cortisol and prolactin secretion. As a first-generation GHRP, GHRP-2 achieves its GH-secretory effect through direct GHS-R1a agonism with amplification by endogenous GHRH; it is distinguished from later selective GHRPs such as ipamorelin by its non-selective endocrine profile, and synergistic GH stimulation is observed when combined with GHRH analogs in diagnostic protocols. GHRP-2 has been validated as a diagnostic agent for the GHRP-2 stimulation test used in Japan to assess GH secretion capacity in adults with suspected hypopituitarism or post-surgical pituitary dysfunction, with published human clinical data supporting its reliability as a GH stimulation tool in endocrine diagnostic practice. GHRP-2 has no FDA approval for any therapeutic or diagnostic indication in the United States; it is used diagnostically in Japan and as a research compound elsewhere, with no approved indication for GH enhancement, performance, or anti-aging applications, and its non-selective endocrine stimulation profile represents a relevant consideration versus more selective GH secretagogues. GHRP-2 dosage in research contexts: doses of 100–300 mcg per subcutaneous injection are documented across research protocols, typically administered 2–3 times daily. Co-administration with a GHRH analog (such as CJC-1295 or sermorelin) produces synergistic GH release and is studied in combination protocols for this reason. Administration is by subcutaneous injection following reconstitution with bacteriostatic water. GHRP-2 vs GHRP-6 vs ipamorelin: GHRP-2 produces potent GH release but with co-stimulation of cortisol and prolactin, similar to GHRP-6. The key distinguishing feature of GHRP-6 is stronger appetite stimulation (ghrelin-like effect); GHRP-2 produces less appetite stimulation with comparable or slightly greater GH output per dose. Both are non-selective compared to ipamorelin, which was developed specifically to achieve GH stimulation without the cortisol and prolactin co-elevation that characterizes first-generation GHRPs. For research contexts prioritizing GH selectivity, ipamorelin is generally preferred; GHRP-2 is used where its diagnostic validation and potent GH stimulation profile are the research objectives.