GLP-1 (7-37) vs Oxyntomodulin

Binds GLP-1 receptors in the pancreas, gut, and brain. Stimulates glucose-dependent insulin secretion and suppresses glucagon. Central GLP-1 receptor activation reduces food intake via hypothalamic pathways.

The active endogenous form of glucagon-like peptide-1, an incretin hormone released from intestinal L-cells after eating. The mechanistic basis for the GLP-1 receptor agonist drug class (semaglutide, liraglutide). Studied for glucose regulation and appetite suppression.

Dual GLP-1/glucagon receptor agonist. GLP-1 component suppresses appetite; glucagon component increases energy expenditure and fatty acid oxidation. Net effect is reduced caloric intake and elevated metabolic rate.

An endogenous peptide produced in the gut that activates both GLP-1 and glucagon receptors. Dual receptor activation produces appetite suppression plus increased energy expenditure — a combination not achievable with GLP-1 agonists alone.